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Murphy, R. F. (2019). Artificial intelligence applications to support K–12 teachers and teaching. Perspective: Expert Insights on a Timely Policy Issue, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.7249/PE315
This literature review by Murphy (2019) examines potential Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs and applications that positively impact K-12 education. Through this article, Murphy (2019) recommends resources, aims to identify AI-based tools that can help teachers address challenges in the classroom, and reviews AI applications used in schools to support instruction. Through Murphy’s (2019) review of existing literature, he found that intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), automated essay scoring (AES), and early warning systems can support teachers and student learning. These current uses of AI programs can personalize learning, provide feedback on writing, and identify at-risk students. Although Murphy (2019) identified positive aspects of AI-based tools in education, he acknowledges that ITS has limitations on student learning, there are concerns regarding learned bias in AI systems, and it is essential for the transparency of limitations of AI models. Although the author has acknowledged a limited influence and lack of research on AI applications in education, it is essential to note that this article was written in 2019, before the release of major AI programs, such as ChatGPT. However, its information, data, and analysis are still relevant in AI education research. Murphy (2019) also identifies that AI has the potential to positively impact teachers’ capabilities and allow teachers to deliver more effective classroom instruction. The author argues that the most effective AI-based tools in education will support teachers rather than replace them. In addition, Murphy (2019) states that AI developers need to address data privacy regulations, algorithmic bias, and transparency. This article is relevant to this research question as Murphy (2019) identifies promising AI programs, evaluates AI’s impact on education, and discusses AI limitations. The author acknowledges how AI-based tools can support teachers, enhance student learning, and decrease teacher workload. (287 words)